{"id":20843,"date":"2023-03-23T13:31:24","date_gmt":"2023-03-23T12:31:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/visitrijeka.hr\/lukobran\/"},"modified":"2023-05-17T08:48:14","modified_gmt":"2023-05-17T06:48:14","slug":"la-digue","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/visitrijeka.hr\/fr\/la-digue\/","title":{"rendered":"La digue"},"content":{"rendered":"

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    explorer.<\/strong><\/h3>\n <\/div>\n <\/li>\n <\/ul>\n \n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n
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      Lukobran, 51000 Rijeka<\/span><\/div><\/li>
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      La digue existante du bassin portuaire principal est populairement appel\u00e9e ‘molo longo’ en raison de sa longueur de 1707m et elle est utilis\u00e9e aujourd’hui comme terminal de passagers et promenade c\u00f4ti\u00e8re. La planification et les travaux de pr\u00e9paration pour la construction de la digue pr\u00e9sente ont commenc\u00e9 en 1872 et ont \u00e9t\u00e9 termin\u00e9s en 1888. Pour comm\u00e9morer son m\u00e9rite historique dans le d\u00e9veloppement de la ville, la digue a \u00e9t\u00e9 nomm\u00e9e en l’honneur de l’imp\u00e9ratrice Marie-Th\u00e9r\u00e8se: Molo Maria Teresa. Elle a \u00e9t\u00e9 con\u00e7ue par l’architecte hongrois Antal Hajnal pour l’administration hongroise, tandis que les travaux de construction ont \u00e9t\u00e9 effectu\u00e9s entre autre par une entreprise parisienne de construction de chemins de fer. Au cours du 20\u00e8me si\u00e8cle, la digue a \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9tendue, le m\u00f4le pour fermer la digue a \u00e9t\u00e9 construit en 1908, suivi par une extension finale en 1934. Au cours de la Seconde guerre mondiale, une s\u00e9rie d’actions de diversion ont \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9alis\u00e9es dans la zone du port de Rijeka, mais les plus grands d\u00e9g\u00e2ts ont \u00e9t\u00e9 faits lors de la retraite des forces allemandes en mai 1945. Des travaux importants de r\u00e9novation dans les eaux portuaires ont suivi imm\u00e9diatement apr\u00e8s la guerre et ont dur\u00e9 jusqu’en 1961, et les grues de la digue ont \u00e9t\u00e9 restaur\u00e9es avec une fiert\u00e9 particuli\u00e8re, puisqu\u2019elles \u00e9taient des r\u00e9alisations techniquement r\u00e9volutionnaires qui pouvaient am\u00e9liorer consid\u00e9rablement la situation du port.
      \nLes clubs d’aviron Quarnaro, Canottieri Fiumani et Liburnia construisent sur la digue d\u00e8s 1904 des hangars \u00e0 bateaux, des salles, des petites piscines et terrasses. Le plus grand projet de construction sur la digue a \u00e9t\u00e9 la station baln\u00e9aire Quarnaro de 1912-1913, qui a \u00e9t\u00e9 proclam\u00e9e meilleure station baln\u00e9aire de l\u2019Empire \u00e0 l\u2019aube de la Premi\u00e8re guerre mondiale. Le phare, qui \u00e9tait initialement situ\u00e9 sur la digue principale est d\u00e9sormais situ\u00e9 dans la partie ouest de la ville, dans le quartier Mlaka.
      \nEn regardant la ville de Rijeka de la digue, nous suivons son d\u00e9veloppement historique depuis la Tarsatika ancienne situ\u00e9e sur la rive droite du fleuve Rje\u010dina, jusqu\u2019\u00e0 l\u2019important d\u00e9veloppement maritime et industriel vers l\u2019ouest.
      \nLa ville fortifi\u00e9e, qui a eu tout au long de l\u2019histoire de nombreux ma\u00eetres et noms, se d\u00e9veloppe modestement par le commerce et la navigation, jusqu\u2019\u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque de la marine \u00e0 voile. Les caract\u00e9ristiques g\u00e9ographiques et maritimes de l\u2019estuaire de la Rje\u010dina n\u2019\u00e9taient pas suffisantes pour faire de Rijeka un port de commerce mondial adapt\u00e9 aux gros navires. Ce qui a suivi \u00e9tait un projet ambitieux et co\u00fbteux de plusieurs si\u00e8cles de remblayage syst\u00e9matique de la mer afin de construire un nouveau port.
      \nApr\u00e8s les tremblements de terre qui ont de 1750 \u00e0 1754 d\u00e9truit une bonne partie de la ville et de ses remparts, la Civitas nova se construit d\u2019abord au niveau du site des foss\u00e9s combl\u00e9s autour des murs de la ville en ruines et le long du littoral sablonneux. Une forte croissance \u00e9conomique de la ville suivit la d\u00e9claration de Rijeka comme port libre en 1719, \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque de Charles VI. La construction du Lazaret St-Charles, de la route Caroline dans l\u2019arri\u00e8re-pays et de la Raffinerie de sucre qui avait monopole dans tout l\u2019Empire, suivit.
      \nLa construction du nouveau port de Rijeka et de la nouvelle ville a \u00e9t\u00e9 fond\u00e9e sur un certain nombre de solutions urbaines, telles que le plan de von Benkov de 1776 et le plan de l\u2019inspecteur en b\u00e2timent de la ville Anton Gnamb de 1785.
      \nLa r\u00e9volution industrielle entra\u00eene de nombreux changements importants dans le commerce et les transports, et pour le commerce du grain, on construit dans le port un silo de type \u00e9l\u00e9vateur d\u2019une capacit\u00e9 de 12000 tonnes, \u00e0 la place du silo actuel. Au cours de la seconde moiti\u00e9 du 19\u00e8me si\u00e8cle, on comptait 22 chantiers navals dans la ville. Les voiliers de longs voyages accostaient de Rje\u010dina \u00e0 Kantrida et dans la zone du port libre sont construites des usines de papier, de tabac, de corde, de cuir, d\u2019ancres, de p\u00e2tes et de voiles. Pendant cette p\u00e9riode, le plan urbain le plus important de la ville et du port de Rijeka a \u00e9t\u00e9 celui de Josef Bainville en 1843, fait sur commande du gouvernement hongrois et qui pr\u00e9voyait la construction d\u2019une digue en face de la Rje\u010dina par extension du m\u00f4le de la Poissonnerie, par d\u00e9tournement du cours de la Rje\u010dina et le nettoyage de son ancien lit et par le comblement de l\u2019espace en face de l\u2019ancien th\u00e9\u00e2tre de Rijeka (aujourd\u2019hui le Palazzo Modello). Les travaux ont \u00e9t\u00e9 effectu\u00e9s \u00e0 partir de 1855 jusqu\u2019\u00e0 la fin de l\u2019ann\u00e9e 1860, suivis par le d\u00e9veloppement fulgurant du port qui \u00e9tait pour la Hongrie l\u2019unique d\u00e9bouch\u00e9 vers la mer. Afin de relier Rijeka avec l\u2019arri\u00e8re-pays, on construit en 1873 la voie de chemin de fer Rijeka-Zagreb-Budapest.
      \nSelon les projets d\u2019Antal Hajnal, ing\u00e9nieur en chef des offices royaux hongrois pour la construction du port de Rijeka, les quais d\u2019Istrie, de Vienne, de Budapest et de Prague ont \u00e9t\u00e9 construits par remblayage de la c\u00f4te ouest, tout comme les m\u00f4les de De Francheschi et Visinov, sur lesquels on a r\u00e9ussi \u00e0 pr\u00e9server sept entrep\u00f4ts sur les vingt originaux et qui ont \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9clar\u00e9s patrimoine culturel.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>

      <\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":13757,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[232,223],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-20843","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sites-touristiques","category-ville"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nLa digue - Visit Rijeka<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/visitrijeka.hr\/fr\/la-digue\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"La digue - Visit Rijeka\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/visitrijeka.hr\/fr\/la-digue\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Visit Rijeka\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/VisitRijeka\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-03-23T12:31:24+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-05-17T06:48:14+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/visitrijeka.hr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Rijecki-lukobran9.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1279\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"SWA Objave\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"SWA Objave\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"16 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/visitrijeka.hr\/fr\/la-digue\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/visitrijeka.hr\/fr\/la-digue\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"SWA Objave\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/visitrijeka.hr\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/88920e99a8f2312c7cc0cf75192bf9b7\"},\"headline\":\"La digue\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-03-23T12:31:24+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-05-17T06:48:14+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/visitrijeka.hr\/fr\/la-digue\/\"},\"wordCount\":3239,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/visitrijeka.hr\/fr\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/visitrijeka.hr\/fr\/la-digue\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/visitrijeka.hr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Rijecki-lukobran9.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Sites touristiques\",\"Ville\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/visitrijeka.hr\/fr\/la-digue\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/visitrijeka.hr\/fr\/la-digue\/\",\"name\":\"La digue - 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